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Impactos econômicos da saúde para populações vulneráveis: uma visão panorâmica
Sinopse
Para a Comissão de Alto Nível sobre Emprego em Saúde e Economia das Nações Unidas (High-Level Commission on Health Employment and Economic Growth), criada em 2016, “o crescimento e o desenvolvimento econômico dependem de uma população saudável” (WHO, 2016a, p. 09), premissa defendida por diversos autores (WHO, 2016b, p. 01; Buchan, Dhillon e Campbell, 2017, p. xvi). A saúde “é vital para o crescimento econômico” (OECD, 2016, p. 28). Não existe desenvolvimento econômico sem saúde humana, logo, os trabalhadores da saúde são absolutamente indispensáveis para a economia moderna. Segundo a Comissão citada acima, “os profissionais de saúde são a espinha dorsal de sistemas de saúde fortes e resilientes. A cobertura universal de saúde e a segurança global de saúde garantida só são possíveis com investimento adequado na força de trabalho da saúde” (WHO, 2016a, p. 09; WHO, 2016b, p. 01). Entretanto, como demonstra o “Efeito Baumol” (Baumol, 2012; WHO, 2016b, p. 10), o custo da saúde tende a crescer acima da inflação. Tal característica pode levar à conclusão de que o sistema de saúde seria, então, ineficiente. Mas, muito além de uma visão puramente contábil, é preciso compreender o sistema de saúde como um subsistema essencial para a economia moderna. Suas contribuições vão muito além da oferta de produtos e serviços e da demanda por bens e trabalho. [...]
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